A Very Breif Biography of Karl Marx - 570 Words

Karl Marx was born in Trier in Prussia in 1818, and he passed away in London in 1883. The overall approach characterized in Marxs theoretical writings and his analysis of capitalism can be defined as historical materialism, or the materialist perception of history. Actually, that view may well be deemed the foundation of Marxism. Marx contested that the superstructure of society was predicated precisely by the productive roots of society, so that the main system must always be seen in relation to the roots. The roots are made up by the means of production, in which influences of production (land, raw materials, capital, and labor) are combined, and in which relations among individuals come forth, determined by their relationship to the means of production. As Marx said in the preface to A Contribution to the Critique of Political Economy in 1859, The sum total of these relations of production constitutes the economic structure of society, the real foundation, on which rises a legal a nd political superstructure and to which correspond definite forms of social consciousness. The mode of production of material life conditions the social, political, and intellectual life process in general. Marx viewed this main system to consist of the family, the culture, the state, philosophy, and religion. In Marxs opinion, all the aspects of the main system benefitted the interests of the strongest class in a society. He saw the class separation in any society beyond a primitive level

Macbeth by William Shakespeare - 3086 Words

Macbeth by William Shakespeare Analyse and compare two scenes in William Shakespeare’s Macbeth that show the audience the change in the balance of power, in their relationship, between Macbeth and Lady Macbeth. During the play the relationship between Macbeth and his wife changes constantly. The person in power of the couple’s actions and the way they are frequently switches between the two of them. There are many scenes in which this is made obvious to the audience through the way they interact with each other in movement and the way they speak Shakespeare’s language. However, much of the play can be interpreted in many different ways and so it is left to the actors to show to the audience†¦show more content†¦Showing that even though he is about to commit murder he still has his faith and believes it supports him. He feels the murder is part of his fate so that, despite his knowing that it is a sin, he will still enter heaven but be damned whilst there. â€Å"Bloody instructions, which being taught, return To plague th’inventor† He thinks that if he were to do this deed the spirit of Duncan would forever come back to haunt him in an angered state, or even that he and Lady Macbeth could be killed by others as a result of it. By halfway through his speech he is still unsure about what he should do regarding this matter, he really wants to become king yet his conscience is fighting his every thought about it. The reasons that he gives during this speech not to kill Duncan are firstly that due to Duncan being his cousin, he feels that it is morally incorrect to kill a relative, also Duncan is his king, whom he is supposed to protect for the good of the country; and also Duncan is visiting his castle because he trusts him and that, as his host, he should protect him, not cause harm. â€Å"He’s here in double trust†. He uses a Simile to describe how the virtues of Duncan â€Å"will plead like angels, trumpet-tongued† against his killing. The speech is ended by Macbeth talking about how there isShow MoreRelatedMacbeth by William Shakespeare770 Words   |  3 PagesThe play Macbeth is written by William Shakespeare. It is believed to be written between 1603 and 1607 and set in eleventh century Scotland. It is also believed to be first performed in 1606. It is considered to be one of the darkest and most powerful tragedies. Macbeth, set in Scotland, dramatizes the psyc hological and political effects produced when evil is chosen to fulfill the ambition of power. The Tragedy of Macbeth is Shakespeare’s shortest tragedy and tells the story of Macbeth, a ScottishRead MoreMacbeth, By William Shakespeare1425 Words   |  6 PagesMacbeth Just Can’t Wait To Be King Everyone has a quality that they do not like about themselves. Some people struggle to be social, others may be too controlling of people. The list goes on and on, but the point is that everybody has a particular quality that they must learn to control or else that particular quality can get out of hand. Of course, one could write a list of characters that have major flaws. There is no better example than William Shakespeare’s character, Macbeth, in The TragedyRead MoreMacbeth, By William Shakespeare1409 Words   |  6 Pages â€Å"Fair is foul, and foul is fair: Hover through the fog and filthy air.† On October 17th, I had the pleasure of going to see Macbeth performed at the Shakespeare Tavern. Along with its reputation for being â€Å"cursed,† Macbeth is also known as one of the crown jewels of William Shakespeare’s repertoire. In my opinion, the central concept of this particular retelling of the play was the murkiness of character. Throughout the pla y, the many characters go through fierce temptation and strife, and noneRead MoreMacbeth, By William Shakespeare1203 Words   |  5 PagesMacbeth is a play based on King James I, it was written by William Shakespeare, however this play isn’t a king and queen fairy tale, but it’s a play about greed and guilt, chaos and murder and three evil witches who use prophecies to influence Macbeth to do bad things, using flattery would instigate his inner ambition to become king, which in the end doesn’t lead to a very happy ending. Shakespeare’s, Macbeth, was written in the early Jacobean period. During those times, women had no power, theyRead MoreMacbeth, By William Shakespeare1243 Words   |  5 PagesIn William Shakespeare’s â€Å"Macbeth†, the author portrays the main character Macbeth as a very tortured and flawed individual whose actions only serve to further unravel him. He is conflicted and power hungry, which drives him to perform evil murders and become a ruthless person. Macbeth’s moral compass is not resilient enough to withstand his wife’s manipulations and he is provoked to act on his malicious thoughts of murder. The author explores the terrible effects that ambition and guilt can haveRead MoreMacbeth, By William Shakespeare Essay1487 Words   |  6 Pagesreaction†. Macbeth by William Shakespeare is a tale which illuminates the consequences of violating the â€Å"Natural order†, the hierarchy of beings in the universe. When Macbeth, a warrior wel l-known for his courage and bravery, murders King Duncan acting on his unchecked ambition to claim the throne, the order was disrupted, the result†¦chaos. Shakespeare uses symbolism to illustrate the atmosphere of the play as the natural order is flung into a state of turmoil. These techniques used by Shakespeare is usedRead MoreMacbeth, By William Shakespeare1483 Words   |  6 Pagesdifferent references in the play of how a king deals with power and if they use it for better or for their own personal gain. In the play Macbeth, by William Shakespeare, Macbeth’s obsession with his journey to power leads to his failure. This obsession is demonstrated through the prophecies, the murder of his best friend Banquo, and his own demise. Macbeth demonstrates that he is incapable of mastering the power and responsibilities of being a king. This is indicated throughout the play with theRead MoreMacbeth, By William Shakespeare1045 Words   |  5 PagesBlood appears in only two forms, but many times in Macbeth by William Shakespeare; between the war scene at the beginning of the play and the lifting of Macbeth’s severed being lifted by Macduff at the end. It can be said that Macbeth could have been written in blood that there is such a large amount. What is unique about blood in Macbeth is that the â€Å"imaginary blood† or the guilt that the murderer feels plays more of a role of understand and amplifying the theme of the play, that blood is guiltRead MoreMacbeth, By William Shakespeare1431 Words   |  6 Pages Macbeth, though originally a valiant and prudent soldier, deteriorates into an unwise king whose rash decisions conclusively end in the atrophy of his title, power, and position. Several facto rs contribute to the downfall of Macbeth, which produce a contagion effect and ultimately end with his demise. He receives help from his â€Å"inner ambitions and external urgings† which result in his downfall (Bernad 49). The â€Å"external urgings† consist of the weird sisters who disclose his prophecies, which enlightenRead MoreMacbeth, By William Shakespeare2060 Words   |  9 Pagesthe green one red Macbeth Quote (Act II, Sc. II). Out, out, brief candle! Life s but a walking shadow, a poor player that struts and frets his hour upon the stage and then is heard no more: it is a tale told by an idiot, full of sound and fury, signifying nothing. Macbeth Quote (Act V, Scene V). These quotes have been taken from play Macbeth written by William Shakespeare. Like these quotes there are hundreds and thousands of such heart touching quotes written by Shakespeare in his many different

What Is Modern Town Planning Environmental Sciences Essay Free Essays

â€Å" Modern town planning originated in Britain in the nineteenth century following a figure of urban reformists showing concern about the wellness and environmental conditions developing in towns and metropoliss following the Industrial Revolution. † ( Western Australian Planning Commission, 2007 ) . Planning, it ‘s non an easy word to specify, with it holding so many different significances to the one word. We will write a custom essay sample on What Is Modern Town Planning Environmental Sciences Essay or any similar topic only for you Order Now Although in the context in which this essay will discourse, Planning, or more specifically, Town Planning is the direction of land usage and the development in which, through the execution of policies and statutory procedures. These policies and processes enable the land to prolong growing and guarantee the balance between the communities and their surrounding environments. Planing involves the balance of the built environment and the natural environment therefore bettering on economic, societal and environment issues for the present every bit good as the hereafter. The two cardinal constituents of planning, involve Strategic Planning and Statutory Planning. Strategic Planning, involves the local and province authorities which focuses on the long term and regional planning of Western Australia. Strategic Planning incorporates a scope of environmental, societal and issues within the provinces substructure. Statutory Planning, acts as the legal operate in planning. Regulations and statute laws guarantee that appropriate land use and development controls are in topographic point and effectual manage the procedure of the land usage and development in the urban and regional planning countries. Western Australia ‘s planning system is based on five chief constituents those of which involve the followers, Strong and simple statute law ; centralised statutory and regional planning ; subdivision control and facilitation of local planning ; reliable support for metropolitan betterment and statutory authorization to exert powers, allocate resources an d supply advice based on adept professional support of a section of province. These â€Å" ingredients † are indispensable to this planning system which was established by the authoritiess, when they adopted the thought from Gordon Stephenson and Alastar Hepburn in 1955. Over the old ages each authorities had updated the planning system to accommodate the demands of the community for the hereafter. There are three degrees of authorities in Australia, Federal, States and local, each with a specific function and duty in relation to planning. The federal Government by and large deals with any planning issues that involve be aftering on a national degree. That is regional planning, be aftering which concerns parts that cross provinces and/or territory boundaries. The Federal Government besides has the duty for organizing a national attack to environmental and industry type development affairs. Besides The Fed Gov. is responsible for guaranting that Australia ‘s international duties are met. And that all parts of the Australian statute law are satisfied. The federal Government ‘s Planning powers are limitless ; where as the Local and State authoritiess be aftering powers are non. State and Territory authoritiess have primary duties that revolve around those of forest planning and land direction, where the environments are at interest. State Governments, are by and large involved with strategic planning, which is the designation of coveted or future land usage. ( Williams, 2008, p.41 ) Local authoritiess have duties for local land usage planning within a regional context. By and large most planning duties and determinations are made at a local authorities degree. Structure programs are an built-in portion of the planning procedure. Although non ever a statutory demand, they provide a model for the co-ordinated proviso of services, substructure, land usage and development. They are besides used by the WAPC and local authoritiess to assist do determinations about the subdivision and development of land. Structure programs are being used progressively by contrivers to assist organize land usage and development. They help contrivers see rezoning, subdivision and development applications. The WAPC has adopted construction programs for assorted parts of the State. They highlight the chances and restraints in the country of the program and can supply the footing for amendments to local planning strategies. Regional construction programs are strategic programs supplying a wide model for be aftering at the regional or sub-regional degree. They cover be aftering issues including bounds to growing in urban countries, population tendencies, employment co untries, major commercial Centres, conveyance links, substructure and service demands, environmental protection and regional unfastened infinite. They are prepared by the DPI on behalf of the WAPC and in audience with local authoritiess. Planing policies are developed and implemented by the WAPC and local authorities to supply counsel on planning, land usage and development affairs. They are a cardinal facet of town planning and are more flexible than statutory commissariats. Planing policies help the WAPC and local authoritiess to do consistent determinations on planning applications. The being of be aftering policies does non take the demand for subdivision and development applications to be considered on their virtues. A policy must spell out in clear linguistic communication how it is to run and the aims of its conditions. A policy must be made for town planning grounds. A policy made by a local authorities must non be inconsistent with WAPC policy. A policy is a usher and is non by and large included in a local planning strategy. A policy should be unfastened to public audience by advertisement and inviting entries. The WAPC and a local authorities must to the full see entries when finalizing a policy. Planing policies besides give counsel to an applier on the manner different types of development may be assessed by be aftering governments. They give information, which may help in the readying of an application or design of a peculiar undertaking. Before using a policy, the facts of an application should be considered, like the nature and location of a undertaking. An application should non be refused without consideration of the virtues of the instance. A planning policy which is applied systematically has stronger weight in an appeal state of affairs. The State Administrative Tribunal has recognised the function and significance of planning policy and has accepted that it is non necessary for town planning policies to be given formal legal position. How to cite What Is Modern Town Planning Environmental Sciences Essay, Essay examples

National Honor Society free essay sample

It is a great honor and privilege to be nominated for the National Honor Society. This has been one of my goals since being a part of the National Junior Honor Society in middle school. The National Honor Society is said to be looking for student’s service, character, leadership, and someone who has made a difference. I feel as if I fit all of these requirements. I serve the community through many different ways. I volunteer to help with things going on around the community, for example, I have signed up to help with registration for a race that was going on at a local gym. I have also contributed in helping kids and adults with special needs. I helped at Farm, teaching these people how to ride horses and communicate with others. Riding horses helped them learn how to use their body more efficiently. I feel as all of us that had the chance to contribute in helping them changed these adults and kids lives. We will write a custom essay sample on National Honor Society or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page They also changed ours on how we look at people. At the farm I also have taught at horse camp with the 8 and under kids. Being a counselor isn’t as easy as I thought it would be. You really have to teach the kids good communication with others around them and also some rules and morals that they will hopefully carry on in life. Like, forgiving each other, and not to hold grudges against one another. I feel that character is a large part of life. Luckily, I have two parents that have taught me my morals. Unfortunately, not everyone has had these instilled in their lives. Whenever I get a chance I make sure to help and show other people mine. When my friends are mean to others in school I tell them to treat others how you would like to be treated. As a student of High School I have noticed that there is a lot of bullying, whether by race, religion, ability to learn, or what â€Å"group† you are part of. I think this all needs to stop, even though some people may think it’s impossible to stop bullying from happening, I think it is possible. I believe if people weren’t so caught up in what other’s thought of them and instead of what they thought of themselves bullying would end. If people find their respect and actually have character in what they do whether it’s going to a restaurant, during a sports game, or at school the world would be a better place. I feel as if I have a good character but I would still like to improve it. I have  learned a lot about my character through my freshman year of lacrosse . Our coach taught us so much about being a good person not only on the outside but also on the inside. Being a leader is a lot more than just having the name of captain, owner, or coach, it means being able to stand up and encourage others and lead them in the right direction. Even if you are not called a â€Å"captain† on your sports team doesn’t mean you aren’t a leader. I also believe that â€Å"captains† or â€Å"leaders† that are negative about everything aren’t really leaders. I was recognized for Student of the Month in March of 2012. I was picked by the art department but not because I was good at art, it was because I had a good attitude and was hardworking. I also encouraged others to do their best. Another part of working as a counselor at Farm taught me how to be a leader. I had always just followed what others did until I started doing this. I had to step out of my shell and teach the little kids I was assigned to, there was no one really telling me what to do. This experience is what made me most of what I am today, able to step out of my shell and lead people. During the 2012-2013 season of soccer at High I was nominated captain which was very nerve wracking for me. Luckily I was able to stand up and actually be a leader. When my coach would come up and ask me a question about what she should do about one of the players, I would tell her what I truthfully thought, not just what she or that player wanted to hear. Another aspect of me is me academically; I am very hardworking and love to be put to a challenge. I make lots of goals for myself and put a lot more pressure on myself than what my parents put on me. I have had goals to be part of the NHS, get straight A’s, stay above a 4.0 GPA, get a high class rank, and get into a good college. I have been able to accomplish lots of these goals. I have received Principal’s Honor Roll every marking period, except for 1st marking period of my freshman year, where I had one B. I currently have a 4.38 weighted GPA, and a 3.95 unweighted GPA. I am also currently #8 in my graduating class, my goal is to get up to either #1-5. Lots of people are saying that it’s impossible because of the students that are in those numbers currently, but I am determined to get above them. I feel like I have definitely made a difference in lots of people’s lives; my family, teammates, classmates, strangers, and friends. Whenever someone needs help with something, especially in school I am willing to help them understand by teaching them. This not only helps them but helps me learn the subject more by being able to explain it to them. During 4-H I taught strangers about my animals that they didn’t have the opportunity to learn about or have. Thank you for considering me for this recognition of the National Honor Society.

Master Murabaha Financing Agreement free essay sample

Murabaha and disbursement of the new one. . Rebate on early payments * If the customer makes early payment and there is no commitment from the institution in respect of any discount in the price of Murabaha, than the institution as the sole discretion in allowing them the rebate. * It is not recommended to make it a practice and must be avoided in normal course of business. Such issue, if arises, should be brought in the knowledge of Shariah advisor 4. Penalty on late payments As soon as the Murabaha is executed, the Murabaha price becomes a receivable (Dayn) for the Bank. Hence, any amount charged over and above the dayn amount will be Riba. * However, it is permissible to have an undertaking from the customer to pay an amount of money or a percentage of the debt to be donated to charitable causes in the event of delay in payment/installments. . Subject matter of Murabaha * Goods must exists at the time of execution of Murabaha. We will write a custom essay sample on Master Murabaha Financing Agreement or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page * Murabaha cannot be done in all commodities, e. g. such as currencies, gold, silver. * Murabaha cannot be used for paying utility bills, wages, overhead expenses, etc. * General rules of sale related to subject matter must be followed 6. Purchase Evidence * In order to ensure that the customer actually purchased the assets as claimed, the customer is required to submit asset purchase evidence along with Offer place after the agency agreement. * Asset purchase may be in the form of Invoices, elivery orders, truck receipts etc. * In some cases, however, it may be too burdensome for the client to submit all the invoices as the number of invoices may run into hundreds. * For example, cotton purchases are generally in small quantities from various sources and hence for each Sub-Murabaha there may be too many invoices to submit. It is suggested to furnish considerable sample of invoices along with summary of all purchases. 7. Direct Payment in Murabaha In many cases, the disbursement is made to the customer as an agent of the bank. * In order to ensure transparency of the Murabaha, it is preferable that isbursement / payment be made directly to the supplier. Profit Recognition in Generally in Murabaha transaction there are in two stages: * Investment Stage (Agency to Purchase) * Financing Stage (Declaration to payment) * The profit for the Murabaha transaction can be recognized after the goods are sold by the bank to the customer. Training of Customers Bank staff Proper training understanding of is very important for * Bank staff dealing with the Murabaha * Customers purchase officers accounts staff. Process of Murabaha differ from product to product 10. Application of Murabaha is not simple for all products * Its application differs from products to products like * shares * Leather * Cotton * Gas * petrol Sugar cane Therefore the RM/RO dealing with the customer needs to understand and define step wise process flow along with the credit approval for each new customer/ industry.

Mission and Vision Statements

Mission and Vision Statements Introduction A vision statement outlines the market position that an organization anticipates to acquire in the future. It is often short, concise and offers directions that should be followed by the organization. However, it does not give details of how organizational goals should be achieved.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Mission and Vision Statements specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More It helps employees to be focused and also motivates them. A mission statement on the other hand is general and focuses on the overall reason behind the existence of an organization. It states why an organization engages in its current activities and strives to maintain certain qualities that define the organization. Therefore, it is important for an organization to follow certain criteria as it designs its mission and vision statements in order to portray the true value of the organization . Criteria for Designing an Appropriate Miss ion Statement An appropriate mission statement justifies the existence of an organization. It highlights current activities that the organization carries out and needs of customers it endeavors to meet in future. It also defines the customers and goods and services required to satisfy their needs. The following are the criteria that an organization should follow in order to design an appropriate mission statement. An appropriate mission statement should be straightforward, brief and must have a sharp focus. This is because a mission statement that is stated in generic terms makes it difficult for people to understand it. An appropriate mission statement should focus on the market and needs of customers. It should give a clear explanation of how an organization plans to meet the needs of its clients. An appropriate mission statement should show the prevailing market environment. This implies that it should not contain information that does not relate to the prevailing market environ ment because this makes it unpopular. An appropriate mission statement should inspire and motivate employees by making them feel valued and respected. An appropriate mission statement should be derived from the competitive advantage of an organization. This emanates from good knowledge of outstanding resources and skills of the organization, which cannot be implemented by other organizations. Justification of the Criteria The above criteria are important in the design of a mission statement because they enable an organization to understand its customers and look for ways of ensuring that the customers are satisfied. A mission statement designed on the basis of the criteria described above helps an organization to adopt the prevailing market trends. It also assists an organization to reinforce its organizational strengths in order to achieve competitive advantage in the market.Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More These criteria ensure that organizational activities are clearly outlined in the mission statement, customers are defined and a justification for the existence of the organization is provided. As a result, this increases the focus and commitment of employees . Criteria for Designing an Appropriate Vision Statement A mission statement is restricted to an organization’s current activities while a vision statement paints a picture of the future of the organization. A vision statement addresses future customers, markets, competitiveness and performance of the organization. The Designing of an appropriate vision statement follows the criteria below. An appropriate vision statement should exhibit the boldness of an organization in achieving goals that might seem difficult to achieve. It should make employees feel that they own the organization. An appropriate vision statement should capture the future by providing a clear picture of wh ere an organization should be in the future. It should outline future plans of the organization and the customer’s needs it intends to address. An appropriate vision statement should motivate employees by clarifying the focus of customers as well as the market. It should also identify capabilities that an organization should pursue. An appropriate vision statement should inspire employees by portraying an image that excites them. It should also make them enthusiastic and expose them to challenges that make them more committed to organizational activities. An appropriate vision statement should be guided by the purpose of an organization. This implies that it should be designed in a manner that portrays employees as the most important assets of the organization, rather than insignificant parties . Justification of the Criteria The above criteria are important in formulating a vision statement because they strengthen the abilities and competencies of an organization. In additi on, they motivate employees to concentrate on increasing their efficiency, which in turn enhances organizational commitment level and initiates positive change among them. Appropriate criteria enable organizations to design a meaningful vision statement, which facilitates implementation of strategic plans by assessing products, alternatives and services. The criteria outlined above create a vision statement that increases the competitiveness of an organization after a specified period of time. The vision directs employees and shapes the organization’s overall destination. Similarities in Criteria for Designing Appropriate Mission and Vision Statements Both mission and vision statements are designed on the basis of market analysis and concentrate on satisfying the needs of customers, as well as ensuring that an organization does not lose its competitiveness in the market.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Mission and Vision Statements specifically for y ou for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Furthermore, the criteria for designing a vision statement puts emphasis on the fact that motivation is important for employees since it increases their productivity and enables an organization to attain competitive advantage. Differences between Criteria for Designing Mission and Vision Statements The criteria for designing a good mission statement put emphasis on the present needs that an organization should address. These include satisfaction of customer’s needs, analysis of products and services and strategies of sustaining competitive advantage. On the other hand, the main focus of a vision statement is the future of an organization, which directs the management with regard to the most important decisions that should be made for the organization to realize its goals. Furthermore, a mission statement is designed on the basis of the prevailing competitive advantage of an organization, special competencies and resourc es. On the other hand, a vision statement endeavors to excite employees and trigger their emotions. This encourages them to fully participate in all organizational activities. Conclusion Appropriate vision and mission statements enable an organization to attain competitiveness in the market. This implies that mission and vision statements of an organization should be designed following the right criteria for the organization to succeed. They should focus on the needs of customers and the market since satisfaction of customer’s needs is a critical issue that an organization should focus on. They should motivate employees and treat them as important individuals who contribute towards organizational success. In addition, mission and vision statements should assist the management to make critical decisions, which play an important role towards achievement of organizational goals.Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More References Healthfield, S. (2009). Build a strategic framework: mission statement, vision, values. Web. McNamara, C. (2012). Basics of developing mission, vision and values statements. Web. The business vision and company mission statement. (2007). Web. Welch, S., Welch, J. (2008). State Your Business. Web.

Budget Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Budget - Assignment Example This type of budget helps corporate to have an insight on whether the available income will suffice to finance the anticipated expenditure (Millett, 2011). On the other hand, budget forecast, utilizes financial figures for previous period to come up with figures for the current period (Brookson, 2000). Therefore, it can be scrutinize that budget is a very important tool that can help to monitor revenues and avoid unnecessary spending (Millett, 2011). This assignment will focus on determining strategies for managing budget within forecast by comparing expenses with the budget and determining the possible reasons for a variance. Additionally, bench marking techniques will be identified and how they can help to improve future budgetary forecast within a hospital. Determine specific strategies to manage budgets within forecasts. Corporate financial managers and senior clinical financial officers may utilize different strategies for managing budgets within forecast. Among the suggested st rategies that may be used include; cost variance strategy, performance based strategy, zero based strategy, bench marking strategy and activity based strategy (Brookson, 2000). The cost variance strategy, focuses on finding the difference between the budgeted cost and the actual cost .When a negative variance is obtain, it is an indication that the actual cost were more than budgeted cost (Finkler & McHugh, 2008). Therefore, clinical financial officers should find out the reason for a negative variance and employ necessary measures to prevent such discrepancies in the future. Clinical financial officers may use performance based strategy. This strategy employs performance based dashboard and matrices to determine the proximate cause for a variance and look on necessary measures that can be employed to remedy the situation (Brookson, 2000). Additionally, clinical financial officers may apply zero based strategy to control budget. In this strategy, each expense incurred is assessed an d necessary recommendations are made thereafter (Finkler & McHugh, 2008). Bench marking strategy may be used whereby; information of the best performing hospitals may be gathered and analyzed. The information gathered may be used by clinical financial officers and hospital managers to make future budgetary improvements in their respective hospitals. The improvements may be carried out by emulating the best practices from a benchmarked hospital (Finkler & McHugh, 2008). Connectively, clinical financial officers may apply activity based strategy to control budget. In this strategy, hospital operating cost data may be gathered and allotted to specific activities in the hospital (Finkler & McHugh, 2008). Compare five to seven expense results with budget expectations, and describe possible reasons for variance. The following expenses were selected for comparison purposes and the possible reasons for the variances have been explained under each expense: Supplies 8,418 6,693 (1,725) -25.8% 89,456 84,283 (5,173) -6.1% 79,183 -13.0% The supply expenses were higher than the budgeted cost based on above figures. This indicates that the difference between budgeted cost and actual supply cost provided a negative variance (Millett, 2011).The possible reason for a negative supply variance may be attributed to higher demand for medical tools used to attend

The Decade of the Decline of the Balance of Power Essay

The Decade of the Decline of the Balance of Power - Essay Example It is the democratic situation of the nation that has contributed to this situation as cases like the Executive and the Congress holding different positions such as receiving support from opposing political parties. The privilege doctrine of these branches of the government have proved to be timely and challenging to the judicial branch. Power allocation between coequal and separate government branches has been a major challenge in the last decade in United States. Such power gridlocks have forced the Supreme Court to step in many situations in order to resolve some of the disputes between the different government branches. When it comes to the balance of power between the White house and the Congress, the result is normally a political battle mainly regarding the law thus making such conflicts to spill over to the Supreme Court (Elliot, 2007). The power conflicts among the separate and coequal branches of the government are unavoidable especially in this decade that has been marked by partisan conflicts that have been heightened. The American constitution defines the different powers given to the existing branches of the government but lives some clauses undefined when it comes to the powers dedicated to the government branches thus. This situation is what results to the misunderstandings in the interpretation of the constitution as a means of defining the power balances. For example, the Congress is vested with the power to oversee the activities of the Executive by the constitution in the formulation of its legislation and the appropriation of funds for the executive operations. The imbalance arises when the Executive is also given the power by the same constitution to withhold some of its information regarding its duties as per the constitution. This is because the disclosure of some of the information to the Congress and the entire nation would work against the interests of the nation. However, the constitution still expects the government branches to provide other necessary information without limits. The doctrine of Executive and the Congress are mandated to shield and sought information that are sensitive from disclosure for the sake of the interest of the nation but at the same time making sure that the remainder is disclosed. The consequent of this is that the government branches conflicts force the Supreme Court to reconsider its executive privilege doctrine thus exploring constitutional waters that were unexplored. The last decade has seen a President coming from a party that is different from the party held by the Congress. This scenario has led to unbalanced power between the two resulting to the many conflicts witnessed as a result of the power shifts. The end result is the diminishing of the constitutional concept of the government’s co equal branches (Bickel, 1990). The Suprem e Court is left with the responsibility of resolving such conflicts presented before as stated in the

Writing Workshop Theorists and Overview Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Writing Workshop Theorists and Overview - Essay Example For an effective achievement of writing workshop, it must have mini-lessons running for 5-10 minutes; where students get enlighten on common experiences and ideas in writing. Independent writing follows, a stage, which students reveal their capacities in writing while following guidelines given. Another component of a writing workshop is conferencing during independent writing with students and teachers. Sharing follows a stage that allows students to identify different mistakes while also learning from their counterparts. It is in this regards that a total workshop time should be 30-50 minutes. The success of the writing gets attributed to various workshop theorists including Nancy Atwell who is the most respected educator in USA. Her work in writing and reading workshops has inspired many generations of students. She has enabled students to adopt various qualities such as being independent as well as sophisticated writers (Atwell, 2002). Among the books, she has authored include fi rst hand lessons, which change writing techniques among various writers just by reading various articles from Nancie’s file cabinets. She propels the momentum is students mainly through seventh and eighth grade writing as well as history of teaching and learning. Lucy Calkins is another writing guru, who has authored many writing materials. Common core reading and writing, for instance, is one of her books and companion resources, which keep the fire of writing burning. Donald Graves is also a writing expert who revolutionalised the writing arena in many ways (Fletcher and JoAnn, 2001). He carried out widespread research in different languages making various publications. Writing teachers and children is a book he authored in 1983 which gave various ways writing should follow. Also in the list of prominent writers, is also Regi Routman who is in memory for having intimate knowledge of teaching and writing. She provided many helpful tactics for learning English including teach ing, reading and writing essentials as well as how to solve various writing dilemmas. She has helped the writing arena through widespread research bring into practice various teaching essentials. Consequently, she has held varied workshops to strengthen, and coach writing in schools including Heinemann professional Development consortium, where she demonstrated exemplary grasp of workshop writing. Last but importantly among the experts of workshop, writing is Dorothy Strickland. She has authored many books and held many conferences in writing making her, a prominent workshop skill source. Her book, beginning reading and writing; for instance, offers ground braking knowledge to workshop skills (Fletcher and JoAnn, 2001). Research proves that writing workshops allows students chose their writing, work on their own and find their voice. For flexibility, a writing workshop should have a predictable future, regular time and favorable atmosphere. These are conditions, which pose a challen ge to teachers and students. This is because they cannot make head or tail of the tin box atmosphere in writing. This is a statement, which means writing workshops should have standards similar to a work place in the real world. Students must respect and gain professionalism as well as a workmanlike atmosphere for real writing (Atwell, 2002). This is an atmosphere where explicit routines and set rules of writing get followed for successful writing. Consequently, students must have all writing requirements including pencils, notebooks, pens, highlighters as well as any relevant material for writing. Last but importantly a writing workshop must have a regular schedule, which enable students develop habits, which allow them work independently, while taking responsibility

The Lady Of Shalott: An analysis

The Lady Of Shalott: An analysis Alfred Lord Tennyson wrote The Lady of Shalott in 1832. Tennyson was known for his visual aspect and was able to create images that correspond to mood, situation and emotion. The Lady is in love with Sir Lancelot but she is doomed to life in the tower due to the curse. The Lady of Shalott takes place in a tower on the island of Shalott, in a river near Camelot. The Lady is a beautiful woman who is under a curse and must constantly weave a magic web without looking directly out at the world. The Lady can only look into a mirror which reflects the busy road and the people of Camelot who pass by her. When she sees Sir Lancelot passing by the tower, the Lady breaks free from the curse to pursue him and profess her undying love. Unfortunately, she dies before she is able to meet her dear love. Lancelot remarks upon discovery of the Ladys body that she had a lovely face, she has a lovely face, God in his mercy lend her grace, the Lady of Shalott (Tennyson 169-171). How can one comprehend t his? The Lady can be seen as an artist that avoids all contact with the world and does not want to face reality. For an artist like Tennyson, it is his duty to construct beauty, not to become entwined with reality. Both the Lady and Tennyson appear to share a commonality that they are both constructing something beautiful. On the other hand, a reverse contemplation occurs to me, does disregarding reality lead to death? Can the lady create her own ending or is it fate that is cruel to her? With that being said, in this essay I will purpose that Tennyson is going against dispelling myths because he is a believer of them. First, I will prove how it is a myth. Second, I will explain how and why it is bad luck for a mirror to shatter. And thirdly, I will explain why it has to be a myth, because no natural cause killed the Lady, only the mirror breaking alone had killed her. Tennyson is against dispelling myths because he is a firm believer in them. The Lady only sees reflection and shadows of the world around her because she looks at the real world through a mere mirror. In the poem, an example of Tennyson believing in myths is when he writes in part two, A curse is on her if she stay (Tennyson, 40). He is interpreting that the curse will come to her if she stops weaving her magical web. In the poem during part one, it states Four gray walls and four gray towers (Tennyson 15). I believe he is saying that in order for one to live their life, being isolated does not help. It shows that the tower is extremely dangerous, which happens to be a spell known as a curse. In part three, the Lady à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦left the web, she left the loom, out flew the web and floated wide, the mirror crackd from side to sideà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ (Tennyson 109-115). This shows that the myth is in fact true and a journey of a disaster begins for the Lady. The journey of disaster began with the magic mirror shattered. It is well known that a mirror that is shattered is bad luck. The mirror is not an entrance into the heavenly world but rather it resembles more of a demon with a mind of its own. Breaking a mirror would give a free rein to restless and evil spirits formerly trapped in the mirror. In some cultures, a broken mirror signifies a death in the family within the year. This alliance of mirrors in the company of death is common in myths, a certainty that the soul could be spellbound in the mirror, and cause death to the one looking in it. A broken mirror will have a drastic and negative effect on the future of the person who is involved. The Lady was in this position as stated in the poem in part three, The mirror crakd from side to side; The curse is come upon me (Tennyson, 115-116). This approved right of entry of spirits from the other side into her world and the curse is in action. The mirror can give horrific news, whereas i n the Ladys case she was able to escape this curse by her imminent death. That itself was the horrific news brought on by the mirror. The cracked mirror symbolized that her soul would be trapped inside the world far from the one in which she once gazed at freely. To all intents and purposes, the broken mirror produced a broken soul for the Lady, which resulted in her broken health leading to her death. I always assumed that when you believe something is bound to happen, then you bring curses and a hex upon yourself. This gives proof that the Lady knew she was going to die right when the mirror cracked, so it happened as she left the tower and ran towards the boat; she instantly died. If good things happen after an action, the action is perceived to be lucky and vice versa. In this case, the lady was to stay in the tower and weave due to her curse; instead she disobeyed and followed her heart. She was deep in love with Lancelot and as a result, ended up facing the drastic consequence s of her actions. No natural causes killed her as is evident in the poem. The only way she could have died is through the mirror breaking. The mirror breaking alone appeared to have murdered her. It is clear that the Lady was not shot, nor did she fall and break part of her body; or committed suicide. It is a common myth among people even to this day, that breaking a mirror brings bad luck. Such is the case for the Lady in The Lady of Shalott. Everything that the Lady uttered, believed, thought, and dreamt of, was a myth. Due to the fact the Lady was summoned to spend her life in the tower, she desperately wanted to make sense of her life and her own existence. In Part four of the poem, it states, In the stormy east-wind straining, the pale yellow woods were waning (Tennyson 118-119). This indicates her emotions were reflected by the color yellow, which signifies sickness and waning signifies that the woods were dying. This in turn signifies that the Lady was near her death. Her death came slowly like the à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦the pale yellow woodsà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦. The nature is a direct effect of the fact that the Lady is on the verge of leaving Earth. As she dies, everything is getting dimmer and her death is occurring slowly, ..till her blood was frozen slowly (Tennyson 147). However, it is evident in Tennysons world and ours today that even as great tragedies occur around us, people still continue with life. This poem had many meanings, which I have attempted to bring out in this essay. The Lady is under a curse, but not in a regular sense. However, the Lady is not content with a life in the tower and with the grim prospect of Lancelot never seeing her again. Therefore, death was her only escape from her confinement. Due to the curse being bestowed on her, she makes a decision that it is healthier to die than to carry on a life where she cannot participate in the real world. Myths are not about other people, but are stories on the subject of ourselves. Myths have a tendency to include intense characters with dark and gloomy pasts but the Lady is none of that. Instead she is a wondrously beautiful woman. The web she weaves is a symbol of her pain as she is confined to the tower while the world continues on below. The Lady must continue to weave the web without involving herself in the world due to her curse. I can see her pain and grief as she lives out her curse because shes powerless. I t is mentioned in part two, she is half-sick of shadows (Tennyson 71) meaning the Lady is tired of her existence in this world of contempt. This poem clearly proves that Tennyson follows myths religiously and believes in them. Tennysons poem represents his beliefs in myths and his desire to keep them in our realm. On a general not, myths teach us about the way diverse individuals see the world. However, we have to become conscious and respect the fact that myths are only myths if you do not believe in them. This legend was told in cultures of ancient times to help gratify their inquisitiveness on how the world functioned. Mirrors give the impression to posses a power beyond the natural, a reflection of the truth, and so it had been assigned as mystical and supernatural ideas.

The Palestinian-Israeli Conflict in the Middle East Essay -- Palestine

The Palestinian-Israeli Conflict in the Middle East The Arab world is not in a compromising mood†¦ Nations never concede; they fight. You won’t get anything by peaceful means or compromise. You can, perhaps get something, but only by the force of your arms†¦But it’s too late to talk of peaceful solutions† (Bard 1). The Arab League Secretary Azzam Pasha said this statement on September 16, 1947, eight months before the state of Israel was established. The Arabs held this mentality in a time when Israel was not yet a fact. This trait was hereditary in the sense that it was taught to their children, who taught it to their children, and so on. Those are the people who are living in Arab countries, and still despise everything about Israel and believe that, no matter what, negotiations are useless. This is especially true today with the Palestinians, for as Suha Arafat, wife of Yasser Arafat, stated, â€Å"I have always rejected normalizing relations with (Israeli) women†¦ They always invite me to their functions and I categorically refuse because I hate Israel† (Bard 2). This statement proves that though the Israeli’s try to normalize relations with the Palestinians, they refuse because they want nothing to do with Israel. From the establishment of the state of Israel in 1948 to the present, there have been five wars, all of which have ended with peace treaties that did not do much. A peace treaty will never normalize the Palestinian-Israeli conflict in the Middle East because so many have failed in the past. May 14, 1948 was a victorious day for the Jewish people; the state of Israel was born. The excitement, however, was short lived because the armies of Syria, Iraq, Trans-Jordan, Egypt and Lebanon entered Israel the next day in an effort to erase it off the map. â€Å"The Arabs themselves expected the new state to be swept off the map in months if not weeks† (Ross 30). The majority of the Arab world fiercely opposed the state of Israel and refused to recognize it in any way. As Azzam Pasha, Secretary-General of the Arab League said on May 15, 1948, â€Å"This will be a war of extermination and a momentous massacre† (Bard 1). So it was; over 6,300 Israelis were killed in the War of Independence (Israeli Casualties in Battle). Rhodes Peace Pact did not force the Arabs to recognize Israel as a state, allowing its legal existence to be ignored. This peace treaty did not b... ...elly, Michael. Promises But Never Peace. 5 Apr. 2002. 7 Apr. 2002 .  · PLO. 2000. 24 Apr. 2002 .  · Podhoretz, Norman. Bush Must Face Truce About Arab Terror Against Israel. 7 Apr. 2002. 7 Apr. 2002 .  · Regan, Geoffrey. Israel and the Arabs. Minneapolis: Learner Publications Company, 1984.  · Reuters. Cleric Lauds Bombings by Women. 2 Apr. 2002. 9 Apr. 2002. .  · Ross, Stewart. Causes and Consequences of the Arab-Israeli Conflict. Texas: Raintree Steck Vaughn Publishers, 1995.  · Silverman, Maida. ISRAEL: The Founding Of A Modern Nation. New York: Dial Books of Young Readers, 1998.  · Tessler, Mark. A HISTORY of the ISRAELI-PALESTINIAN CONFLICT. United States of America: Indiana U P, 1994.  · The 1956 Sinai Campaign. 23 Apr. 2002 .  · Vogele, William B. Arab-Israeli Conflict. 26 Apr. 2002 .

Complaint and Present Canteen Management

To  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   :   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Mr. Hasnan bin Jalal, The Principal,   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Sekolah Menengah Kebangsaan Permata From  Ã‚   :            Ã‚   Malik bin Abdul Date  Ã‚  Ã‚   :  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   24 March 2011 Report about the School Canteen I am writing this report is to draw your attention regarding the school canteen. Many of the students of Sekolah Menengah Kebangsaan Permata are unhappy about the conditions at the school canteen. There were lots of complaints regarding this issue. In the first place, there are insufficient tables and benches.Our school has a student population of over 1 000. There is only one period of recess time for all forms. More than 80 per cent of the students go to the canteen during recess to buy food and drinks. Unfortunately, there are only about twenty-five tables and fifty benches which can accommodate less than half the number of students. As a result, many students have to stand while eating. The food sold at the canteen not only expensive but lacks of variety. The menu is the same every day.For the past five years, ever since the present canteen management took over, students go back to the same food. The hygiene and preparation of food leave a lot to be desired. The food and drinks are not covered. They way canteen attendants dress speak volume about hygiene. With their lackadaisical attitude, the food they sell would one way or the other become contaminated. My fourth complaint about the canteen pertains to the etiquette of the canteen workers. They are rude and arrogant. They often shout at students.The students are always on the receiving end of their bad moods. We hope that conditions at the canteen will improve. The canteen should provide better amenities. There should also be a different menu everyday so that students will not have to taste the same food day in and day out. Cleanliness should be given top priority. We hope that you will look into our complaints and take steps to remedy the situation. The students are prepared to boycott the canteen if their complaints go unheeded. Reported by: Malik Malik bin. Mohd Jalil 314 words

Filipino film essays

Filipino film essays The film was great! Good selections of characters. The story line was terrific, you could even say its really happening here in our country, Philippines. The way the director put it together, the sequences, the climax and all that is just sure to capture the eyes of the audiences. The role-play was also one thing I know and I can say for a fact that they fit every single character in the film. Even Jericho Rosales! This is the very first time I saw him act naturally, I mean of all the role he had been thru its all over acting but this time he did well I can say. Angelica? Wow! I knew it from the very first time I saw her from her previous exposures she can be hot as of what she did in this marvelous act. She blew away all her audiences with her new arrive, at least I am! Damn how I wish I were Jericho! I mean only in the film okay. Hes not that of a matinee idol for me. As of the others they all did well, I mean they surely made every move of the main cast very easy. When youre doi ng a project like that with Johnny Delgado and Cherry Pie Picache that must be something right? You know what I mean. What more can I say, this film had really captured my inner soul for it is really something. For now a day you cant really get values and all that from just any film. You see this masterpiece of Laurice guillen really has so many values and ideas to share with the audiences. Looking now in this lifetime people just go busting peoples life coz their full of negative emotions. Our youth had just gone wild with out even knowing who is it they really need to look up to. As I have observed, this film shows that a human being just go back to whom they should really give praise, serve and obey when their so desperate enough to get what they want. Without even looking how hard our Lord suffers from the sins he didnt even commit. And so what do people do if their long so wishes aren ...

Romeo and Juliet short summary Essay Example

Romeo and Juliet short summary Essay Example Romeo and Juliet short summary Paper Romeo and Juliet short summary Paper From forth the fatal loins of these two foes A pair of star-crossed lovers takes their life; Whose misadventured piteous over throws Doth with their death bury their parents strife. Romeo and Juliet, a play of death marked love. Yet is the love presented realistic and believable? As important as love is to life and existence, the play is wholly based on love and its many forms. The time in history in which Romeo and Juliet is set, contributes to the play, and creates a realistic situation. Arranged marriages and marrying young plays a strong part in the play. This historical context goes against our modern society making the understanding of the play difficult for a modern audience to comprehend. Family relationships in the play are variable. The relationship between Capulet and lady Capulet is one of leadership, for example; A crutch, a crutch! Why call you for a sword? This question is spoken by lady Capulet and directed towards Capulet. It gives the effect that she has power or leadership over him. But in response Capulet over rules her question, which creates a sense of competition with leadership; My sword I say! Old Montague is come and flourishes his blade in spite of me. To show lady Capulet and Capulets love for each other they agree over Juliets sudden out burst over her arranged marriage to Paris. One occasion in this scene Capulet speaks to lady Capulet; Soft! Take me with you, take me with you, wife. Montague and lady Montague do not compete with each other and their son Romeo. Lady Montague says; thou shalt not stir one foot to seek a foe. She does not want any violence, and shows concern for her husband. Friendship is a strong variant of love in this play; it results in death and many consequences. The strongest impression of friendship is when Romeo avenges Mercutios death. Romeo and Mercutio were good friends. This is shown in their conversations. I thought all for the best. This is when Mercutio was stabbed and Romeo is saying how he tried to stop the fight. Romeo says this quotation as if he feels guilty and is trying to obtain forgiveness. There is a conflict here between love/loyalty to friends/relations and love for each other. Romeo and Juliets love is the most important in the play. When they first see each other they fall in love. From here on they make many references to love and death and a strange sense of tragedy to come. An example of this is after their night together, when Romeo must leave, Juliet says: Methinks I see thee, now thou art so low, As one dead in the bottom of a tomb. Either my eyesight fails, or thou lookest pale. This means that Juliet suddenly sees Romeo dead meaning a terrible tragedy is waiting to occur. Romeo and Juliet fall in love so instantly the audience will be unsure whether their love is true. It is not actually obvious whether it is true or not, but the ending may hold some answers. When Romeo finds Juliet dead he can see no other reason why he should live and Juliet feels the same when she wakes up to find Romeo dead. They kill themselves because the other is dead, but whether this is true love or they only think it is love, is not clear. In a way this does not matter, because the love is doomed. It is better that they die at the end of the play so it leaves the audience remembering the romance and passion and not the every day things. The dramatic irony of Romeo and Juliets love sets up tension for the audience in the beginning, showing love hand in hand with death. This makes their love special in the audiences view: I take thee at thy word. Call me but love, and Ill be new baptized. Henceforth I never will be Romeo. The consequences of love in this play, play a strong part in portraying the characters feelings. One such part is when Romeo has killed Tybalt and the consequence is Romeo being banished. This only happened because Romeo and Mercutio were good friends and Romeo had to take revenge. The consequence of the star-crossed lovers results in death for Romeo and Juliet, part of the dramatic irony for the audience. The party scene is where Romeo and Juliet first meet. This scene, I believe is one of the most important, as this is where their tragic end stems from. Is she a Capulet? O dear account! My life is my foes debt. This quotation is spoken by Romeo shortly after talking with Juliet. He says that his life is his enemys debt. His enemy is the Capulet family. When he finds out she is a Capulet his love for her reveals itself; otherwise her being a Capulet would not have worried him. The party scene is the scene that the audience dread. This is because they know their love will end in tragedy and so, they do not want Romeo and Juliet to meet. Thus with a kiss I die. There rust, and let me die. Romeo and Juliets last words, expressing desperation and last resort. The audience would feel emotional at the tragic end of the two star crossed lovers but realise how strong their love was. And there they die in Italy. Revenge, love and passion are the true cause of their love. For never was a story of more woe Than this of Juliet and her Romeo. The Prince rounds up the play and he emphasises how important Romeo and Juliets love was. Their love brought a new friendship between the Montagues and Capulets. Their love caused many misunderstanding, but it will always be remembered as a classic. A TRAGIC TALE OF WOE.

Critical evaluation of the impact of the global(focus on USA) Coursework

Critical evaluation of the impact of the global(focus on USA) financial crisis on worker migration - Coursework Example The property bubble in the Spanish economy was responsible for the high fiscal debt in most of the developed nations in the world. At around 2009, severe financial crisis wedged the economy of U.S.A. The terms of economic affairs become highly juggled at this point of time. However, the financial crisis created a strong impact on the workers migration. It was found that many workers working in the urban sector of U.S. migrated back to their home lands as a result of job losses. The in-migration of the foreign workers in U.S.A was controlled and the government started to offer special incentives to the existing workers to take voluntary retirements from work. This initiative was taken by the government to increase the American labour force in the long run by almost 5% by 2033 (Porter, 2013). As a result there were many incidents of disturbances in the economy due to the rising number of job losses. It was found that the gross unemployment rate increased by almost 4% in U.S.A. during t he crisis. The information on the basis of which the literature review will be written would be based on secondary data sources. Any information collected from the primary data sources would not be used in the context of the literature review (Hakim, 2000). ... In the context of the literature review, the researcher would be identifying the common themes and differences of the previous research works. Despite being completely narrative in nature, the literature review would be focussed, analytical and critical in panorama. Thus, the literature review of the paper would throw a light on the views of the scholars on the concerned topic of discussion and would also include the researcher’s own perceptions (Burns, 1997). Research Philosophy The research paper would be using quantitative and qualitative analysis methods, thus the analysis would be made on the basis of interpretive approach (positivist approach). The main objective of the paper would be to analyze the impact of worker migration in the economy of U.S.A. after the financial crisis. This philosophy of the paper is to understand the consequences of the impact. Thus, the research problem is symmetric and non linier in nature. Research Approach Figure 1: Inductive approach (Sour ce: Shaheen, n.d.) As stated in the above picture, the researcher would be conducting the research on the basis of inductive approach. The reason for preferring inductive approach is because it will help the researcher to exchange observation into theoretical conclusion, thus is a robust method of analysis. Research Strategy Figure 2: Research Strategy (Source: Saunders, Lewis and Thornhil, 2009) Sustain research objectives with the trouble statements. Determining the sample space, size and location. Determining the price connected with the research development and formulate the time schedule Demeanour research with the help of primary and secondary sources Arranging the data in organized manner Qualitative and quantitative analysis. Construing the data properly to give it a inflexible

Strategy For Successful Incorporation of New Believers Into the Church Essay

Strategy For Successful Incorporation of New Believers Into the Church - Essay Example The researcher of this essay discusses a strategy, that s needed in order to ensure that more and more Christians become part of the Church and live a more integrated life within the congregation. Firstly, it is important to develop a practical strategy which can attract more Christians towards the Church. Any strategy to include more members in the Church must be Church centric in nature and should take care of enhancing the role of Church in the lives of those who enter for the first time. In order to further strengthen the relationship of Church with the new members, it is critical to introduce and develop new friendship opportunities. By increasing the number of close friends of the new members, church can actually increase the stay of the members with the Church. It is also important to understand new groups will be started within the Church to address to the different concerns of the new members. These groups will be actually responsible for ensuring that all the concerns of th e new members are taken care of and members are further facilitated to improve their knowledge about the Church. In order to increase the number of new members within the Church, it is important to redefine the roles and responsibilities of the existing members. The researcher also describes these new roles and responsibilities. However, the researcher also concluds that it should be target oriented and will be responsible for ensuring that the objective of increasing the incorporation of new members is increased.

The corrosive nature of social networking websites Essay

The corrosive nature of social networking websites - Essay Example Social networking sites cause loneliness (Boyd d and Ellison: pp. 221). When joining these sites, for instance, Facebook, no one has the intention to get lonely while online. However, most research findings can prove that the more someone uses the internet services, the more the chances of getting lonely and depressed. This is because the sense of being happy rapidly drops after the first day of using the website. The loneliness issue arises because Facebook serves different purposes with everyone using what is meaningful to their social life. Therefore, through the consumption of so much content on such social networking websites, people lose their social bonding thus lowering their self-esteem and feeling which in turn increases loneliness. Social networking websites are creating a false sense of interaction. The society fosters real and meaningful kinds of relationships. They are supposed to be healthy to everyone because they act as role-shaping structures, increases the sense of belonging and the will to conquer problems. However, most of these social networks though created out of a simple idea of promoting social relationships, have been creating a wrong sense of connection (Kennedy, et al.: pp. 110). They are among the fastest growing companies with Facebook being on the lead. They have chat rooms that enable users to communicate with each other. These chat rooms make users glued to their computer screens, as they want to find out more from their online friends.

Marketing Strategies of Newspapers Essay Example for Free

Marketing Strategies of Newspapers Essay The newspaper market, like other markets have become competitive to the extent that survival requires a lot of creativity and innovation in the way the business is conducted. This is the situation in which the three major newspapers on the Zambian market, i.e the Post, the Times of Zambia, and the Zambia Daily Mail newspapers find themselves. Currently, the Post newspaper is the market leader with a market share of eighty percent (80%), the Times of Zambia newspaper and the Zambia Daily Mail, together with the rest of the other newspapers share the remaining twenty percent (20%). For this study, the focus is on three newspapers, The Post which is a privately owned newspaper and the Times of Zambia and the Zambia Daily Mail which are stated owned newspapers. The difference in performance amongst these three newspapers has also been reflected in the differences in the readership of the three (3) newspapers which is indicated below. Source: Synovate Research Center 2005 For any of these papers to gain competitive advantage and long term profitability, there is need to come up with a proper business approach. One such approach is a proper understanding and management of the common business parameters like the quality of the product, the pricing of the product, the distribution of the product, and the promotion of the product. A newspaper firm can then formulate appropriate differentiation strategies based on the above parameters which are commonly known as the four ‘Ps’ of the marketing mix (Kotler, 2003:15). The discrepancies in the market share prompted the researcher to look at the business management aspect of the three newspapers, i.e.how they were applying and using the four ‘Ps’ of the marketing mix. The aim was to determine how the three newspapers were utilizing the elements of the marketing mix in order to gain competitive advantage on the Zambian market. Essentially, this is a comparative study which looks into how the three newspapers were utilizing the marketing mix to increase their market shares. The study was expected to reveal the differences in the usage of the marketing mix and show whether this had a significant impact on the market shares of the three papers. This is not withstanding the fact that the performance of an entity is dependent on the various functional areas of business management. However, in this particular case, what was being put to test was the functional area of marketing, and in this case the application of the elements of the marketing mix. The liberalization of the Zambian economy in 1991 saw the emergence of various entities on the Zambian market. This included the print media. The Post newspaper is one such paper that emerged as a private owned newspaper. Prior to 1991, there were mainly two dominant papers, i.e. the Times of Zambia, and the Zambia Daily Mail newspapers. For this study, the focus was on one private newspaper, i.e the Post newspaper, and the state owned newspapers, i.e. The Times of Zambia and the Zambia Daily Mail newspapers. Currently, on the Zambian market, the Post newspaper is the market leader with a market share of eighty (80%) percent by far surpassing the Times of Zambia and the Zambia Daily Mail which fall into the remaining twenty (20%) percent. This poses the question of why should a newly born newspaper, i.e the Post Newspaper, out match the old newspapers like the Times of Zambia and the Zambia Daily Mail newspapers. Obviously, the market share has to do with the acceptability of the paper. And from a business management point of view, this acceptability is dependent on the paper’s marketing strategies which are based on the marketing mix. Hence the reason for the research in this area. The history of each of the above stated newspapers is as follows: †¢The Times of Zambia newspaper The Times of Zambia is a national daily newspaper published in Zambia. During the colonial period this newspaper was known as The Northern News. It was founded in 1944 as a twice-weekly newspaper aimed at a European readership, owned first by Roy Welensky and then by the South African newspaper chain Argus. Argus then sold the paper to Lonhro, under which it was renamed the Times of Zambia on 1 July 1965. Lonhro had just bought out Heinrich Brewery which had briefly operated a daily, The Zambia Times and weekly Zambia News. Criticism of the government under the editorship of Dunston Kamana in the early 1970s and the change of the government to a one party state led to the purchase of Times of Zambia by the United National Independence Party (UNIP) government who then appointed its own editor, Vernon Mwaanga, in 1972. When the Movement for Multiparty Democracy (MMD) came to power in November 1991, it went to court claiming UNIP had illegally taken over the newspapers. The courts found in favour of the MMD, and ruled that the papers ownership be transferred to the Zambian Government. The Times of Zambia is now owned by the Zambian Government. After the independence of Zambia in 1964, the print media was run by the private sector with Times of Zambia then been published by Lonrho and the name Daily then Central African Mail was run by Scott and Astor. In 1969 it was purchased by the ruling United National Party (UNIP) (Banda, 2004). In 1983, the newspaper industries along with most other industries were nationalized as part of government’s humanism. The two newspapers were then turned into government companies and heavily subsidized by the government. In 1990, there was the introduction of multiparty government and an open, market –driven economy. Privately owned newspapers were reintroduced and according to the National Archives (2003) 137 publications, both newspapers and magazines, were registered between 1991 and 2002. Most of the registered newspapers were either aborted or died soon after the first few issues. The cover price of the newspapers has remained the same in Zambia at K3000.00 with new newspapers coming in and offering a lower price and then failing to survive all together. The other sources of income for newspapers are through the advertising which has grown with newspapers getting more and more expensive. This case research is intended at studying the various marketing strategies used by newspaper companies in Zambia and how they can increase competiveness. My aim is to find out the current marketing strategies of the major newspapers in Zambia, namely The Post, Daily Mail, Times of Zambia, The Guardian and The Mirror. The purpose of the study is to understand the current marketing strategies and come up with recommendations to increase competitiveness in this sector. 1.2 Background to the study After the introduction of the multi-party system and the subsequent liberalization of the economy, in Zambia, in 1991, the country saw the emergence of various types of privately owned newspapers in addition to the two regular newspapers, i.e The Times of Zambia and the Zambia Daily Mail. In all, the mid 1990s, there were several privately owned newspapers in addition to the two regular state owned newspapers stated above. What transpired is that some private newspapers came and went, whilst the two state owned newspapers have failed to be competitive and increase their market shares, but they have survived through Government subsidies. However, one privately owned newspaper, the Post Newspaper, has continued to grow its market share and today it is the market leader in its relevant market. The question of interest to the researcher is to determine the type and effectiveness of the marketing strategies that the Newspapers are using to increase their market share in the relevant markets. 1.3 Research Problem  Since the Liberalization of Zambia’s economy in 1991, several private newspapers have emerged to join the already existing state owned ones. However, most of the privately owned newspapers have collapsed, and the two state owned ones are failing to increase their market, but are surviving on Government subsidies. But one private newspaper, the Post, has continued to thrive to become the market leader. There is still very little competition in this industry with only a few as newspapers surviving and one major newspaper The Post is getting 80% of the market share (Banda 2004). Given this background, the researcher wants to determine the type of marketing strategies newspapers use, and the extent to which these marketing strategies are effective. Consequently, this will help the managements of the newspapers to improve their marketing strategies so as to provide quality services to their customers, and thereby increase their market share and competitivene ss.

Use Of Embryonic Stem Cells Philosophy Essay

Use Of Embryonic Stem Cells Philosophy Essay As we have entered into a new millennium, we are witnessing a number of changes around us, ranging from a small technology to biggest medical discoveries. It has also brought vast changes or rather improvements into bioscience as well, like completion of genome sequence, microarray technology to measure simultaneously the expressions of thousands of genes (Okarma). We have even been able to improve the efficiency of drugs. The latest technologies are really being helpful into the cure of chronic diseases. Among these the outstanding advancements is successful derivation of human embryonic stem (hES) cells. (Thompson 1998, 282). The embryonic stem cells are the self-renewing cells and they have got the capacity to produce all kind of human body cells. The sparkling advantages of these stem cells are, they allow permanent repair of the failing organs by injecting healthy functional cells that are developed from them. This field of medicine is also known as regenerative medicine. For example, the nervous tissues and the heart tissues cannot repair themselves as gastro-intestinal cells and skin tissues; the stem cells therapy allows the repair of these kinds of cells. Human body is made of certain organ systems that are capable of regeneration by themselves only throughout life, the skin cells are constantly shedding and they are replaced timely, same with the blood cells as well. The embryonic stem cells are the cells, that can produce any kind of human body cells. (Okarma). Understanding Human developmental biology Now for the obvious practical medical purpose it is nearly impossible to vigorously study the embryonic development of the humans. However the study of embryonic stem cells allows us to reveal the nature of human body development in every aspect from cells to cells and from tissues to tissues. Despite the study of laboratory animals for these purposes as they are identical with human body, certain aspects of human body and its mechanisms are different. (Okarma). It has been an objective of US health care system to study the reproductive and embryonic development in humans because according to statistics, one in every six couple trying to conceive show fertility disorders. 15% of the recognized pregnancy show premature pregnancy loss in United States. (Okarma). Until now study of embryogenesis at earlier stages was out of reach of scientists to direct studies. Since the introduction of the embryonic stem cells study it has become possible to study all the stages of human embryo or fetus development. This is an revolutionary invention that has provided us a number of ways to reach the roots of developmental defects and birth defects in humans. (Okarma). Identifying teratogens During the pregnancy the women are exposed to number of agents that can result into the child birth defects and fetal abnormalities, known as Teratogens. The human stem cells study can allow the screening of the environmental toxic agents and pharmaceuticals that could cause abnormalities of the developing fetus. (Okarma) Source of Human embryonic stem cells The invention of the stem cells from human embryo has been the most exciting development in the medical science. The medical experts worldwide have been more interested in using the Human embryonic stem cells into Regenerative medicine. The use of the human embryonic stem cells raises different ethical questions. The application of these cells can be applied to tissue engineering, genetic engineering and other medical research purposes. The use of the adult stem cells has not raised a controversy but the utilization of the human embryonic stem cells raise different ethical questions based on the sources of the cells. (Hug, Sources of human embryos for stem cell research, 2005) There are three different sources for the stem cells that are currently used: Existing stem cell lines of the embryo Spare embryo- the embryos that are left unused. Embryos that are created for the purpose of research only. (Hug, Sources of human embryos for stem cell research, 2005) Now from human embryos only there are two ways of getting the stem cells. First from the umbilical cord or uterine water and second is from the fetuses themselves. Now the first source of the cells produce less ethical questions because there are less moral issues related to the source of the cells. In second source when the fetuses are aborted, the cells are derived from them without difficulty. The ethical danger involved here is it is really hard and unethical to imagine that a woman is convinced to become pregnant for the sake of harvesting the fetus embryonic cells. (Teutsch). For example, surveys in the United States show that there is great public controversy about Embryonic stem cell research and therapeutic cloning. (Hug, Sources of human embryos for stem cell research, 2005). These days limitations on stem cell research vary by country. In some places this research is not sufficiently supervised and regulated, and this raises moral questions themselves (Teutsch). The Ethical Problem When the question of moral status of embryo is raised, on one hand we are concerned with the rights they have got for the protection of life health, and body. And on the other hand what all obligations the moral agents do have towards them in regard to preserving these goods. (Østnor) The critics of stem cell research state a couple of main objectives: some of them state that despite its worthy ends, stem cell research is unethical because there, destruction of the human embryos is involved. Whereas others fear that even if research in itself is not unethical it will obviously create the possibilities of the dehumanizing practices, for examples, cloned babies, and embryo farms and use of fetuses as spare parts. Eventually this will lead to commoditization of human lives. (Michael J. Sandel, 2004). Some view the destruction of the human embryos during the stem cells research same as yanking the organs from a baby to save any other human life so, baby dies and other lives. Some of them combine the religious beliefs that the ensoulments occur at the time of conception only. While others try to defend without recourse to religious that we begin our life as embryo. If our life is worthy of respect irrespective of our age, then these embryos also should be considered as living organisms and hence should not be killed. (Michael J. Sandel, 2004). If stem cell therapy will be in routine practice, then the embryonic materials will become the source of the therapeutics and by using them there will be a situation where the respect for the human life will decrease. In these ways the sacrifice of the embryos earlier in their life will encourage polices of sacrificing the vulnerable for the benefits of others. This is also known as slippery-slope argument, meaning if we accept one condition then this acceptance will lead us to the toleration of certain unacceptable conditions. According to some moral philosophers there has always been a difference between act and omission. Actively killing someone is different than the passive efforts not put into practice to save someone. Though the outcome into both the cases is same here, both can be argued as destruction. Counter argument: In the counter argument, there are several who believe that the use of the spare embryos would not mean the destruction of life. They say that there is no issue to believe that the destruction of human embryo will undermine the respect of the human life in society. As destruction of embryos during the process of invitro fertilization and abortion has been in practice since a long, no change in the respect of human life has been observed. The destruction of the spare embryos during the process of invitro fertilization should be considered more problematic than the destruction of the spare embryo resulting from invitro fertilization to produce stem cells for the purpose of the therapeutics. (Hug, Sources of human embryos for stem cell research, 2005) If we consider that the destruction of the embryos for the purpose of stems cells harvesting in order to find cure of certain incurable diseases immoral than the use of embryos for the purpose of treating infertility also should be considered immoral. It has been always in question whether the human embryos can be used for all purposes or for certain of them, for example certain prefers that its permeable to destruct the human embryos for the development of the cosmetics. Currently the accepted position is that that the human embryos should be used only in order to create the cure of certain human diseases only. (Hug, Sources of human embryos for stem cell research, 2005). When the spare embryos that are donated for the purpose of research remain unused after a long period, they are destroyed. So there is no ethical question is raised there. So ultimately the outcome that the embryos are going to be used for the goodness of humans should be taken into consideration rather than making ethical questions, according to some. (Hug, Sources of human embryos for stem cell research, 2005). The stem cells technology is also involved in the cloning process by somatic cell nuclear transfer. Now it can also be argues that allowing cloning technology by somatic cell nuclear transfer can be a step towards human reproductive cloning and its world wide acceptance. But there has been some counter arguments against human cloning by these techniques as use of certain techniques for this purpose is prohibited in most part of the world so legislation might prohibit reproductive cloning even if the application of somatic cell nuclear transfer technology to generate embryos for the purpose of harvesting stem cells from embryos may be an important step in the development of the cloning technology. There is also a danger of commercial pressure driving to promote more research of these kinds resulting into the decreased intrinsic respect of human body and life. (Hug, Sources of human em bryos for stem cell research, 2005). The research program on embryonic stems cells produces moral dilemma. It makes us to choose from two moral principles. Alleviate suffering or a duty to prevent. The duty of respecting the human body and life. (Hug, Embryonic stem cell research: an ethical dilemma, 2011) Either an embryo is considered as a person whilst its still an embryo, or its viewed as a potential person. The criterion of a personhood is really unclear. Arguments: the development of a person from an embryo is the continuous process; it starts as early as the egg is fertilized. As infancy is the stage where the human is in infant stage like that only this is the stage where the human is in the stage of embryo, the only fact that it does not hold any human characteristics at this stage. Eventually it will become a person so it should be given respect. Counter-arguments: Before implanting them into uterus, the embryos invitro does not hold any psychological, emotional and physical characteristics of a person. So it does not hold any interest to be prevented and those can be used for the benefits of the patients who are persons. (Hug, Embryonic stem cell research: an ethical dilemma, 2011) There has been also argument that the embryo has increasing status as it grows. There are several stages that might give importance to the embryos, e.g. implantation of embryo after six days of fertilization, the appearance of the primitive steak which is the beginning of development of the nervous system. The stage at which if baby is delivered prematurely then also can be survived. And finally birth. (Hug, Embryonic stem cell research: an ethical dilemma, 2011) Counter-arguments: we protect persons interests and life because they are important and valuables from the point of interest to universe but because they are valuable to the persons they are concerned with. Whatever moral status the embryo holds, the life it lives has a value to embryo itself. We cannot make any moral judgment based on the age of embryo, if we say that it becomes human as the primitive steak is formed, then what if the person who loses its nervous system in a stroke? is he not a human? (Hug, Embryonic stem cell research: an ethical dilemma, 2011) Religious views Different religions view stem cell research in different ways. Roman Catholic, orthodox and other protestant churches believe that the life begins as early as conception occurs, so no research should be permitted. Judaism and Islam emphasize the importance of helping others, so they prefer that the stem cells research should be permitted. They consider that there is no life before 40 days. (Hug, Embryonic stem cell research: an ethical dilemma, 2011) Should public funds be used to support such research? Though they are very microscopic, the stem cells have created a issue between the research scientists and the right to life advocates. As the stem cell research program needs a lot of investments, the question of who should fund the research program, has been in discussion since last few years. Scientists want to study and research the embryonic stem cells in hope of finding the unanswered treatments of certain incurable human diseases like spinal cord injuries, Parkinsonism, certain birth deformities, nervous system diseases and many more life threatening conditions. President of USA, Barack Obama issued an executive order to use the federal money in stem cells research programs in 2009. There have been many controversies against presidents this order. (Should the government fund embryonic stem cell research?) The United States Congress and the legislatures of more than 28 states have considered spending billions of tax payers dollars into the stem cell research program over next several years. In 2004 California state government organized a peoples pole to know their will of spending the public fund for stem cells research programs. It is also known as Proposition 71 bond measure, which had authorized the state to raise 3 billion USD over upcoming 10 years to fund such research. Then also the debates rage over the ethical question that whether the public fund should be used for such program in which the embryos, which are considered lives, killed. Is it really justified to use public funding for such research? (Elgin, 2008) The programs like Proposition 71 are stuck in to mud as they are politically debatable, speculative and controversial because the stem cells research itself is very politically controversial. Each stem cells research program remains to be highly speculative so the government should not gamble with public fund into such programs where we cannot predict the results at all. (Elgin, 2008). In an interview with the UCLA (University of California, Los Angeles) experts they expressed their view as follows. Owen Witte who is the director of the stem cell biology and medicine said that its governments responsibility to do everything possible. Edwin Bayrd, UCLA AIDS Institute had to say that this country has a long tradition of funding scientific research from taxpayers fund. So these research programs also can never be exceptions. Whereas Stephen Brainbridge added that if one believes that life begins at the time of conception then the act of creating lives by destroying them is an evil act. (Do you believe public funds should be used to support stem cell research?, 2006) At this point in time no one knows that how successful any stem cell research is going to be. Or it is still difficult to predict that whether the stem cell research can really find solution to certain incurable medical conditions. Embryonic stem cells are clearly versatile but the scientists have not been able to control the growth of those embryonic stem cells. On the other hand the interactions of stem cells with other types of cells may lead to the development of tumors and certain kind of tissue rejection reactions. In 2006, the US National academy of science stated that development of the feasible therapies out of the embryonic stem cells research may take years or even decades. Even if they find some therapies then, they are needed to be tested first, means more investments of time and money. So the politicians who promise of finding the cure for certain diseases are becoming totally disingenuous. (Elgin, 2008). In November 2007, New Jersey voters rejected the initiative to borrow the sum of $450 million to invest or fund in a state-run stem cells program. Because the people of New Jersey knew how little was the advantage of public funding into the stem cells program in state of California. Following James Thomsons discovery that stem cells are self renewing cells, the funding to stem cells research become political feasible and very popular, though the destruction of embryos for these purpose was considered unethical. (Elgin, 2008) Conclusion According to my personal views, my religious beliefs, it is unethical to kill the embryos and harvest the stem cells in a process to save the lives. It simply means that you are killing someone to save the lives of someone. Better would be the developments of the alternatives to be away from all these ethical issues. To date there are eight alternatives available to the embryonic stem cells. (Hug, Sources of human embryos for stem cell research, 2005) The Stem cells have been found into adult tissues like skin, intestine, bone marrow, brain etc. those who are against the use of embryonic stem cells research claim the use of these alternatives of the stem cells. There is a possible way to avoid destroying the viable human embryonic stem cells in the course of conducting research of stem cells could be to produce non-viable human embryo by performing nuclear transplant into a nuclear less egg of suitable species. The Embryonic stem cells that are to be transplanted may be immunologically incompatible with that of recipient. So to solve this problem a tissue bank with the large number of different kind of stem cells can be established. In place of using new embryos and embryonic stem cells line, scientists can use the embryonic stem cells and the differentiated stem cells obtained from them. The new possibility has been found by scientist recently that the stem cells can be produced at an early stage than they used to be. Scientists have found the possibility of growing stem cells at four day old human embryo called Morula. There is a theoretical possibility in which the possibility of destruction of the embryo can be avoided. Scientists are checking and testing the possibility of growing the single cell plucked from a Morula stage of embryo. If the researches on the embryonic stem cells are being prohibited because of the destruction of the embryo then there are the chances of splitting the embryos. There are the chances of genetic modification of the oocytes in such a manner that if fertilized they wont produce a viable human being. All currently available methods of harvesting stem cells from different sources and their research are the issues to be discussed ethically in respect to the human embryo and human life. To avoid the ethical issues there are new alternatives to the sources of the cells should be taken into the consideration. (Hug, Embryonic stem cell research: an ethical dilemma, 2011) To my personal views, the use of embryo to harvest the cells are totally unethical and public funds should not be used for this kind of anti-human act, though I appreciate the process of the research that has got the hope of development of many newer medical cures. But for that many available alternatives should be taken into consideration.